Everything about Austrian Nobility totally explained
Historically, the
Austrian nobility was a privileged
social class in
Austria. The nobility was officially abolished in 1919 after the fall of the
Austro-Hungarian Empire. Former noble families and their descendants are still a part of Austrian society today, but they no longer retain any specific privileges. Austria's system of
nobility is very similar to
Germany's system, as both countries were previously part of the
Holy Roman Empire.
Any noble living in the
Habsburg-ruled lands, and who owed their allegiance to the dynasty and the
Emperor of Austria, were also considered part of the Austrian aristocracy. This applied to any member of the
Bohemian,
Hungarian,
Polish,
Croatian, and other nobilities in the Habsburg
dominion. Attempting to differentiate between
ethnicities can be quite confusing, especially for nobles during the time of the
Austro-Hungarian Empire. A noble from
Galicia, for example, could call himself a Polish noble, but he also rightfully belonged to the Austrian nobility.
Religion, just like ethnicity, was also not used for any categorisation purpose. Austrian nobility could belong to any of the religions within the Habsburg empire, such as
Roman Catholic nobles in Austria, Hungary and Poland,
Protestants in Bohemia and
Transylvania,
Greek Catholics in eastern Galicia,
Orthodox Serbs in
Vojvodina, as well as nobles of
Jewish faith.
When speaking of "Austrian nobility", two categories can be made:
1) the historic nobility that lived in the territories of the Habsburg empire and who swore allegiance to the dynasty, which included everyone until 1918;
2) the present, post-1918 Austrian nobility, specifically those who today retain Austrian citizenship, whose family originally come from Austria proper,
South Tyrol,
Burgenland and southern
Bohemia, or who were ennobled at any point under Austrian rule and identify themselves as belonging to that class.
History
From 1453 onwards, the
Archduke of Austria had the right to grant nobility to non-nobles, as did the
Archbishop of Salzburg, as
Salzburg remained an independent territory. Besides the Holy Roman Emperor (an office which was almost uninterruptedly held by the Archduke of Austria from 1438 to 1806 anyway), only a few territorial rulers within the Empire had this right. In an era of
Absolutism, the nobility residing in the cities slowly turned itself into the court-nobility (
Hofadel). Service at the
court became the primary goal of the nobility. This in turn initiated an interest in education and the interests of the court. Within the court, a close inner circle, called the
100 Familien (100 families), possessed enormous riches and lands. They also had great influence at the court and thus played an important role in
politics and
diplomacy.
After the end of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, the Habsburg rulers, who were
Austrian Emperors from 1804 onwards, continued to elevate deserving individuals to nobility until the end of the monarchy in 1918. Some of the noble families even earned themselves the right to be
hereditary peers in the
House of Lords (
Herrenhaus) in the Imperial Council (
Reichsrat) of the
Austro-Hungarian Empire. Nobles from previously sovereign monarchies such as those in northern Italy also had their noble rights confirmed and were allowed to keep their titles.
Jewish nobility
Because of the
Patent of Tolerance (
Toleranzpatent), which was decreed in 1781 by Emperor
Joseph II,
Jewish
bankers and later
entrepreneurs and
industrialists could also be ennobled for their services and loyalty. Jews who were elevated into the aristocracy were allowed to keep their religion. Although the elevation into the aristocracy meant recognition for the work and services and a rise in social status, it couldn't hide the fact that Jews were for the most part still only being "tolerated". Jews couldn't freely choose the place and duration of their stay and had to regularly ask for permission from the authorities. This placed a huge burden on Jewish families. If the head of the family died, all his relatives had to leave the city. The right to purchase
real estate was forbidden to Jews, even if they belonged to the nobility. This regulation stayed in place until 1860, when it was abolished by Emperor
Franz Joseph I and Jewish citizens were given equal rights. But almost a century before the banker and protector of arts, Karl Wetzler [Wetzlaras well] von Plankenstern was created a Freiherr by Empress Maria Theresia, he converted to Catholicism. His son Raimund was well known in Vienna for being one of the most prominent protectors of Mozart, he lived in a palace at Hohe Brücke 412 (now no. 17). His grandson Alexander was a close friend of Ludwig van Beethoven. His great grandson Gustav Alexander Freiherr Wetzler von Plankenstern; was a commander of an ArmeeKorps (FmLt; VIII.-IX.1866 (interim). The family is extinct in Austria but there's a branch in Bavaria and Argentina.
Despite these difficulties, by 1821 there were at least nine ennobled Jewish families living in Vienna. Their elevation was due to their industrial and economic contributions. Some of the very wealthy included the
Rothschilds,
Arnstein,
Eskeles,
Gomperz,
Kuffner,
Lieben,
Auspitz,
Schey von Koromla,
Todesco and
Wertheimstein,
Wetzlar or Wetzler von Plankenstern families. For example, in the case of the Rothschilds and Todescos, the secret of their personal economic success was their quick ability to adjust and innovate to the changing global economic situation. They founded
banks that financed companies and infrastructure projects in a time of great economic and industrial growth in the late 19th century. Their contributions made it possible for Austria-Hungary to keep up with the international economic developments.
The elevation into nobility also hastened the process of
assimilation of Jewish families into the higher society. Some converted to Christianity in order to become fully accepted, but many kept their Jewish faith.
Burgenland
On the former status of nobility in
Burgenland, which was part of the Kingdom of
Hungary until 1921, see
Hungarian nobility.
Abolition of nobility in 1919
The
Adelsaufhebungsgesetz of 1919 (Law on the Abolition of Nobility) abolished nobility as well as all noble privileges and, other than those in Germany, noble titles and names. Thus, no citizen of Austria can have any noble titles or even particles such as
von and
zu in his or her name. For example, the name of the grandson of the
last Austrian emperor is simply
Karl Habsburg. Similarly, Friedrich von Hayek became
Friedrich Hayek and Kurt von Schuschnigg became
Kurt Schuschnigg.
This may sometimes be confusing, as descendants of nobles are sometimes referred to with noble names abroad, even though this isn't legally accurate with respect to Austrian citizens. Also, different members of noble families often hold different citizenships, such as in the case of
Otto von Habsburg (the son of the last Austrian emperor and father of the Karl Habsburg mentioned above), who is also a citizen of Germany, where this Austrian law doesn't apply to him. The law doesn't apply to artistic, performer's, or "stage names," where the
von is sometimes used, as in the case of conductor
Herbert von Karajan or the musician Hubert von Goisern. However, stage names are never recognized for official purposes.
Members of the lower nobility especially (such as the
civil servants) found this radical step of abolition degrading and humiliating, since working towards and finally earning a nobility title was a way for them and their families to rise within society. Members of the higher nobility were able to absorb the formal abolition more easily. They lost their titles and their privileges, but they still kept their social manners and standing and were allowed to keep their riches.
Federal President Michael Hainisch called the official abolition
The law was never repealed, even during the period of
Austrofascism (1934–1938). Following the
Anschluss to
Nazi Germany (1938-1945), this law remained active, although it wasn't enforced, allowing Austrian nobles to freely use titles again.
Although the noble titles and the particles
von and
zu are not officially kept any more, some persons are still referred to with their titles in a private function. For example,
Karl Schwarzenberg will occasionally still be referred to as
Fürst Schwarzenberg (Prince Schwarzenberg) in the media; he holds Czech and Swiss citizenship, not Austrian. As opposed to nobility in Bohemia, Poland, Russia, or the former Prussian territories, the Austrian nobility never had its lands and riches confiscated.
Social measures were introduced by the republican government in order to create more equality amongst the citizens and finance public projects, which put a strain on the traditional land-holding
gentry and
aristocracy, resulting in the forced sale of many palaces and lands, due to the expense of the upkeep. However, there was no measure by the government to specifically target only nobility and take away their possessions.
To many Austrians, the abolition of nobility, its privileges and titles was and still is an important element of a
democratic and
republican state, where individuals are treated equally and thus should hold any titles of honour solely by their individual merit. The abolition of noble titles has been replaced with an almost obsessive usage of and fascination with
academic titles and titles of
office. Regardless, the nobility today are sometimes still treated slightly differently than ordinary citizens. Austrian nobility still plays a large part in movies made after World War II (for example
Sissi and
Sound of Music), and is still featured regularly in the media and literature. The social events of nobles are still spread large and far in
tabloids. Besides, the law is gladly broken at many chances when members of the nobility are addressed at various events. Especially at the annual birthday celebration of Emperor Francis Joseph in Bad Ischl, present members of the Habsburg family are addressed as "Imperial and Royal Highnesses".
Apart from the loss of the titles, which hit the lower nobility harder than the higher nobility, most have fared remarkably well in modern Austria and still belong to some of the richest families, such as the
Esterházy,
Mayr-Melnhof, or
Mautner-Markhof. Many members of the Austrian nobility today work in the traditional fields of
diplomacy,
politics, have
business and
financial interests, or are
philanthropists or
socialites.
It was estimated that there were about 20,000 Austrian nobles in 2005. That year, an association was founded, the
Vereinigung der Edelleute in Österreich (Association of Austrian Nobles, or V.E.Ö.). It sees itself as the successor of the
Vereinigung katholischer Edelleute in Österreich, which was founded in 1922 and banned under the
Nazis in 1938. Until recently, all of the various attempts at revival were blocked by Austrian authorities.
Noble titles
The Austrian nobility was divided up into two categories, the
higher nobility (
hoher Adel), and the
lower nobility (
niederer Adel). To the higher nobility belonged the princes and counts, the lower nobility was made up of the rest:
(English titles with German equivalents)
Non-ruling members of the imperial family were given the title of
Archduke/
Archduchess (
Erzherzog/
Erzherzogin) and
styled Imperial Highness (
Kaiserliche Hoheit); only the Crown Prince was addressed as
Imperial and Royal Highness (
Kaiserliche und königliche Hoheit). The wife of the emperor bore the title of
Empress (
Kaiserin) and styled
Her Majesty.
Agnates of the imperial family, who were excluded from the
line of succession, were created dukes and duchesses or princes and princess and addressed as
Highness (
Hoheit) or
Serene Highness (
Durchlaucht).
Below is an incomplete list of Austrian noble families, listed by rank of title. Note that some members of a family were sometimes given higher titles by the
emperor because of merit.
Titles, s, and
rights could only be conferred by the monarch. In some cases, they could even be revoked because of fall from favour.
» For a Countess not being married, the title
Komtesse was used, borrowed from the
French language Comtesse.
In German, a distinction between baronesses exists, a
Freifrau being a baroness by marriage and
Freiin being a baroness by birth.
Erzherzog / Erzherzogin (Archduke / Archduchess)
of Austria (House of Habsburg-Lorraine)
of Austria-Este (House of Habsburg-Lorraine, dukes of Modena & Este)
Großherzog / Großherzogin (Grand Duke / Grand Duchess)
of Tuscany (House of Habsburg-Lothringen, archdukes of Austria)
Herzog / Herzogin (Duke / Duchess)
of Babenberg extinct 1246
of Hohenberg (Wife and children of Successor to the Throne Archduke Franz Ferdinand)
of Modena & Este (House of Habsburg-Lothringen, archdukes of Austria-Este)
of Reichstadt (see Napoleon II)
of Teschen (House of Habsburg-Lothringen, archdukes of Austria)
Because of the abolition of the prepositions, many families were forced to completely reinvent their family names. This brought in many complications. The following list of the non-Habsburg nobles shows the pre-1919 family names or preposition in brackets, followed by the standard appearance today. Noble families could have the preposition "von", "zu" or a combination of it ("von und zu"). Non-German-speaking nobility, however, preferred to use "de", such as in Bohemia, Hungary, and Galicia, as they felt that it was less Germanic-sounding. Since Austria-Hungary was a multiethnic empire, both versions could be officially used and were recognised by the government.
Conversely, family names using prepositions like "de" and "de la" couldn't replace the preposition with the Germanic "von". For example, the family "Sanchez de la Cerda" originally came from Spain, therefore the preposition remained as in the original. The same exception applies to other families such as "Schönburg-de Laserna" and "de la Fontaine und d´Harnoncourt-Unverzagt". The latter is an interesting combination of French- and German-language prepositions, which again is a reflection of the colourful multiethnic history of the Austrian Empire.
Often, family names with a predicate were written "von X-Y", even though the correct form is "X von Y".
Fürst / Fürstin (Prince / Princess)
» 'See: List of princes of Austria-Hungary
Graf / Gräfin (Count / Countess)
The style of address is, in most cases, Erlaucht (Illustrious Highness). Also used was Gräfliche Gnaden
(Comital Grace).
(von Abensberg und Traun) Abensberg-Traun
Aichelburg (or Aichelburg-Zassenegg)
(Alberti von Enno)
Almásy
Almeida
(von) Althann
(von Andechs-Meranien) extinct 1248
Andrassy
Apponyi
Arco
Arz-Vasegg
(von) Attems (or Attems-Gilleis)
(Bartolotti von Partenfeld)
(Barth von Barthenheim), or de Bart(-Barthenheim), with title Reichsgraf since December 2, 1802
Badeni
Baillet (de Latour)
Bánffy (von Losontz)
Barbo (von Waxenstein)
Beck (or Beck-Rzikowsy)
Belcredi
Béldi
Bellegarde
Belrupt-Tissac
Berchtold
Berenyi
Bethlen
Blanckenstein
Bolza
Bona House of Bona
Bonda House of Bonda
Borkowski
Bossi-Fedrigotti
Bozen (see Maurer)
Braida
Brandis
(von Breuner-Asparn) extinct 1894
(von Breuner-Nußdorf) extinct 1862
Breunner
Bubna-Litic
Bucquoi (von Longueval)
(Bukuwky von Bukuwka)
Bulgarini
(von) Buol-Schauenstein
Butler (von Clonebough)
(von) Caboga House of Caboga
(von Caprara)
Cassis-Faraone
(von) Cavriani
(Ceschi a Santa Croce)
(von) Chorinsky
Chotek (von Chotkova und Wognin)
Christalnigg
Clam-Gallas
Clam-Martinic
(von) Clary-Aldringen
(von) Cobenzl
(von Collalto und San Salvatore) Collalto
(von) Colloredo-Mannsfeld
Consolati (von und zu Heiligenbrunn)
Coreth (zu Coredo und Starkenberg)
Coronini-Cronberg
(von) Coudenhove-Kalergi
Csáky (von Köröszegh) or Csáky-Pallavicini
Czernin (von und zu Chudenitz)
Cziraky
Daun
Décsey (von Deés)
Degenfeld-Schonburg
Des Fours
Deym-Stritez
Dezasse (de Petit-Verneuil)
(von Dietrichstein)
Dobrzensky (von Dobrzenicz)
Dohalsky (von Dohalitz)
Drašković (von Trakostjan, or Draskovich de Trakostjan)
Dubsky (von Trebomislyc)
Edelsheim-Gyulai
Eltz (zu Eltz)
Emo (-Capodilista)
(von) Enzenberg
(von) Erdödy
(von Eppan) extinct 1248
(von Eppensteiner) extinct 1122
(von Eyczing) extinct 1620
(Vrints zu Falkenstein)
Falkenhayn
Ferrari(s)-Ochieppo
Finck von Finckenstein
(von) Firmian
Folliot de Crenneville-(Poutet)
Forni
Francken-Sierstorpff
Fredro
Fries
Fünfkirchen
Gallenberg
Galler
Gatterburg
(von) Ghetaldi-Gondola
Gleispach
(von) Goëss
Gorcey
Grabowki-Kruska
Grimani-Giustinian
Grundemann-Falkenberg
(von Grünne), also carried title Graf von Pinchard
(von) Gudenus
Hadik (von Futak)
(zu) Hardegg
(de la Fontaine und d'Harnoncourt-Unverzagt) Harnoncourt
(von Harrach zu Rohrau und Thannhausen) Harrach
Hartenau
Hartig
Haslingen
(von Henckel zu Donnersmarck) Henckel-Donnersmarck
(von) Herberstein
Hohenberg
(von) Hohenems
(von) Hoyos
Hunyady-Kethely
Kálnoky
Károlyi
(von Kaszongi)
(von) Kaunitz
(von) Keyserling
(von) Khevenhüller or Khevenhüller-Metsch
Kinsky (von Wchinitz und Tettau), also princely with the title of Fürst
(von) Kuefstein
(von) Kollonitsch
(von) Kolowrat
(von) Kolowrat-Krakowsky
(von Kolowrat-Liebsteinsky) extinct 1861
(Königsegg zu Aulendorf)
Kornis
Kottulinsky (von Kottulin)
(von) Krane
(von)Kruska-Grabowski
Khuen-Belasi
(von) Kuefstein
Küenburg
Künigl
Kulmer (zum Rosenpichl und Hohenstein)
(von) Kurzberg
(von) Lamberg
Lanckoronski
Lanthieri
Larisch (zu Moennich)
Lazanski (von Bukowa)
Ledóchowski
Lexa (von Aehrenthal)
Lodron-Laterano
Lodron-Löwenstein
Ludwigstorff
(MacCaffry of Kean More)
Magnis
Mailáth
Mamming
Marzani
Matuschka
Maurer (1919: Mauriello)
Mels-Colloredo
(von) Mensdorff-Pouilly, also princely with the title of Fürst(Mensdorff-Pouilly-Dietrichstein)
Meran
Meraviglia-Crivelli
Migazzi
(von Mir)
Mittrowsky
Montecuccoli
(von Montfort) extinct 1787
(von) Neipperg
Neuhaus
(von Norman und von Audenhove) Norman-Audenhove
Nostitz-Rieneck
Nyary (von Bedegh und Berench)
Oeynhausen
O’Donell
Oppersdorff
(Orsini und Rosenberg) Orsini-Rosenberg, also princely with the title of Fürst
Orssich (de Slatevich)
Osiecimski-Hutten-Csapski
Ostrowski
Paar
Pace
Pacata
(Pálffy von Erdöd) Pálffy
(von) Pallavicini, also with title Margrave (Markgraf)
Paumgarten
Piatti
Pilati
Podstatzky-Lichtenstein
Pötting und Persing
Potulicki
Pozza Von Zagorien House of Pozza
Praschma
Prokesch-Osten
Puppi
Radetzky
Rességuier
Revertera (or Revertera-Salandra)
(von) Rohrbacher
(Jordan-)Rozwadowski (a Polish/Galician title)
Rumerskirch
Salburg
Salis
(Sanchez) de la Cerda
Saurma
Scapinelli-Lèguigno
Schallenberg (or Schallenberg-Krassl)
Schirndinger (von Schirnding)
Schnitzer
Schmettow
(von) Schönborn (or Schönborn-Bucheim)
Schönfeld(t)
Sedlnitzky-Odrowaz
Ségur-Cabanac
Seilern-Aspang
Serényi
Sermage
Siemienski-Lewicki
Sierakowski
(de Sylva von Tarouca, or Silva-Tarouca) Silva-Tarouca
Sizzo-Noris
Skarbek
Somogyi (von Medgyes)
Spangen von Uyternesse
Spannocchi
Spaur
Spee
(Matz von) Spiegelfeld
Sprinzenstein
Stainach
Starhemberg
Sternberg
Stolberg
Stras(s)oldo
(von) Strozzi
(von Stubenberg) extinct 1868
Stubick
Stürgkh
Széchényi
Taaffe
Taczanowski (or Dassanowsky; Prussian title but long present in Galicia and Vienna)
Tarnowski
Tattenbach
Taxis-Bordogna
Teleki (von Szek)
Terlago
(von) Teuffenbach
(von Thonradel) fled 1620
(von) Thürheim
(von) Thun-Hohenstein, also princely with the title of Fürst
Thurn-Valsassina
Tisza (de Boros-Jenö er Szeged)
Trapp
Traun
(von und zu) Trauttmansdorff-Weinsberg, carried title Erbgraf
(von) Trautson
(von der) Trenck
Treuberg
Ueberacker
(Ungnad von Weißenwolff)
Vay (von Vaja)
(Vetter von der Lilie)
Wagensperg
Waldburg(-Zeil-Trauchberg)
Walderdorff
Waldstein (or Waldstein-Wartenberg)
(von Wallis), also carried title Freiherr auf Carighmain
Walterskirchen, also carried title Freiherr zu Wolfsthal
Weikersheim
Welczeck
(Welser von) Welsersheimb
Welsperg
Wenckheim
Wengersky
Wickenburg
Widmann-Sedlnitzky
(von) Wilczek
(von) Wimpffen
(von) Wodzicki
Wolanski
Wolkenstein
Wratislaw von Mitrowitz
(von) Wurmbrand(-Stuppach)
Wydenbruck
Zaleski
Zamoyski
(von) Zichy(-Ferraris)
Zerotin
(von) Zinzendorf
Freiherr / Freifrau / Freiin (Baron / Baroness)
There was no official style, but "Gnädiger Herr", "Gnädige Frau", or "Gnädiges Fräulein" were common forms of address. Although strictly speaking the title was "Freiherr", the usage of "Baron" in written and verbal communication was very common, even if incorrect. The title "Freiin" was also often replaced for "geborene (née) Baronin", which was strictly speaking also incorrect since a "Baronin" would have been wed already.
Abele von Lilienberg
Adamovich (de Csepin)
(von) Arnstein
Apfaltern
(Arz von Straussenburg)
(von) Auspitz
(von) Bach
Bakonyi
(von) Baselli
(Berger-Waldenegg)
Berlakovich
(von Bienerth)
Blomberg
(von) Blumencron
Chledowski(von)Pfaffenhofen
(von Columbus)
(von) Cornaro
Cseszneky de Milvány
(von) Drasche-Wartinberg
Eötvös de Vásárosnamény
(von) Eskeles
(von) Ferstl
Fraydt (von) Fraydenegg
(von Fries)
(von) Froelichsthal (or von Frölichsthal)
(von Gagern)
(von) Gomperz
(von Ghetaldi-Gondola)
(von) Haas
(von) Hagenauer
(von) Helfert
(von) Hess
(von Hofkirchen) extinct 1692
(von Isbary)
(Jörger von Tollet) extinct 1772
(von Marguti)
(Kalchegger von Kalchberg)
(Kay von Bebenburg)
(Kiß von Ittebe)
(von) Kubinzky
(von) Klimburg
(von) Kuffner
(von) Laudon
(von) Leitenberger
(Leonhardi)
(von) Lieben
(von) Ludwigstorff
(von) Lütgendorff
Matz von Spiegelfeld
(Mayr von Melnhof) Mayr-Melnhof
(von) Mensshengen
(von Miller zu Aichholz) Miller-Aichholz, also carried title
Milutinovich-Milovski
(Nadherny von Borutin)
(Nagy von Töbör-Ethe)
Obenaus von Felsöház
(von) Oppenheimer
(von) Pereira-Arnstein
(von) Pfanzelter
Anton von Poljak (croatia)
(von Prandau)
(von) Quiqueran-Beaujeu
Reitzes (von Marienwerth), sometimes also "de Reitzes-Marienwerth"
(von) Riefel
(von or de) Rothschild, normally used the title Baron
(von) Ringhoffer
(von) Schey
Schmeltzern (von) Wildmannsek((See Die Gothaischen Genalogischen Taschenbucher des Adels))
(Schey von Koromla)
(Sebottendorf von der Ronse)
Seiller-Tarbuk
(von) Silber
(von) Sina
(von Skrbensky)
(von) Schmeltzern
(von) Smeltzern zu Wildemannsek
(von) Smeltzern Wildemannsek
(von) Spaun
(von) Stipsicz de Ternova
(zu) Stübing
Sypniewski Ritter von Odrowaz (1480)
Thavonat-Thavon
(von) Todesco
Wadenstierna
(Jäger von) Waldau
(von) Waechter
Wetzler von Plankenstern
(von Widmann)
(von) Wildmannsek, Schmeltzern
(von Weigelsperg)
(von) Wertheimstein
(von) Westenholz
(Zeidler-Daublebsky von Sterneck)
Ritter (Knight)
There was no official style, but "Gnädiger Herr" was a common form of address. The title was for males only; no female version exists. Female members of a family with the title Ritter however were often addressed as "Edle von", which was totally incorrect, unless the family already carried the "Edle" honour before being raised as into the "Ritter" class.
Bloch (von Brodnegg), ennobled in 1915
(von Brasseur)
(von) Ephrussi
(von) Epstein
(von) Doderer
(Friedmann, Ritter von) Prawy
(von) Ghega
(von Grumpenberger)
(von Hauslab)
(von) Karajan
(von) Klinkosch
(Korybut de Ostoja)
(von Kriegelstein), carried the title Reichsritter as well as Edler von Sternfeld
(La Rénotiere, Ritter von Kriegsfeld)
(von Klaudy)
(von Kriehuber)
Launsky (von Tieffenthal)
(von) Leeb
(von) Mallmann
(von) Wildemannsek, Schmeltzern
(von) Maurer (also Mauerer)
(Mautner von Markhof) Mautner-Markhof
(von) Merkl
(von Miller zu Aichholz) Miller-Aichholz, also carried title Baron
(von) Nadherny
(von Nahujowski)
(von Neumann)
(von) Pellendorf
(von Premerstein)
(von) Ponteuxin
(von Rumpler)
(Schönwies von) Schönowsky
(von Schwarz)
(Skrebeciowicz de Sielecki, or von Sielecki) Sielecki
(Stermich von Valcrociata or von Kreuzenthal) de Stermich di Valcrociata: also carries the title of Edler von Valrociata or von Kreuzenthal
(von) Trapp
(von) Wertheim
de Weryha-Wysoczański
(von) Winiwarter
(von) Wessely
Edler / Edle (Sir / Dame)
There was no official style, but "Gnädiger Herr" or "Gnädige Frau" were common forms of address.
(Fedrigoni von Etschthal)
(von Günner)
Hofmann von Hofmannsthal
(von) Holzmeister
(von) Khol
(von Korbuss)
(Milutinowits von Gottesheim)
(von) Mises
(von Nespern)
(Schallber von Schalberg)
(von Schuppler)
(Sepp von Seppenburg)
(von Sternfeld), also carried the title Reichsritter von Kriegelstein
(von) Sypniewski, also carried the title "Baron Sypniewski"
(von) Thurneyssen
(von) Webenau
(von) Weingartner
Erbsälzer
(von) Lilien
(von) Papen
Untitled noble families or status unknown
(Anthony von Siegenfeld)
(von) Adlgasser
(von) Benda
Bielka-Karlstreu
(von Brenner)
(von or de) Chledowski
(von) Doblhoff
(Dobner von Dobenau)
(von) Eidlitz
(von) Einem
(von Ernst)
(von Fischer)
(Fischer von See)
(Froschmayr von Scheiblenhof)
(von Fürstenmühl)
(von) Gaupp
(von) Gauster-Filek
(Gelb von Siegesstern)
(von) Gera
(von Göhausen)
(von Greschke)
(Grognet d’Orleans)
(von Hellenau)
(von) Holbein
(von) Hornbostel
Jakabffy (von Nemeshetes und Zaguzsen)
(Korper von Marienwert)
(von Lambort)
(von) Lennkh
(Levasori della Motta)
(Lippich von Lindburg)
(von) Lónyay (Hungarian Count Elémer Lonyay married Archduchess Stephanie, widow of Crown Prince Rudolf, and was elevated to Prince (Fürst))
(von Löwenthal-Linau)
(von) Mendelssohn
Müller-Hartburg
(von) Neumann
(von) Ofenheim
(von Pechmann)
(von) Prausnitz
(von Praxenthaler)
(von Preradovic)
(von) Radak
(von Remenyik)
(von) Rigel
(von) Rottal
(von) Saar
(de) Saeger (since 1731)
Schiff (von Suvero)
(von) Scholten
(Schönburg-de Laserna)
Schumacher (von Marienfrid)
(von) Strachwitz (the German Franz Graf (Count) Strachwitz von Groß-Zauche und Camminetz gained Austrian citizenship without having to eliminate his title or the "von")
(von Stremnitzberg)
(Suchy von Weißenfeld)
(Toscano dell Banner)
(Tuschner von Hirschberg)
(von Ürmenyi)
(von Zepharovich)
(von) Zumbusch
(Zeßner-Spitzenberg)
Marquis
Gozeni di St. Georges (came from the Austrian parts of northern Italy)Further Information
Get more info on 'Austrian Nobility'.
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